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Below are the key blood tests used to assess PCOS, each focusing on a specific hormone or indicator.
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A cholesterol profile measures total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides. In PCOS, it helps assess heart and metabolic health, as women with PCOS often face higher risks of insulin resistance and cardiovascular issues.
The Free Androgen Index (FAI) estimates the amount of active testosterone in the blood. In PCOS testing, a high FAI indicates excess androgen activity, which may contribute to symptoms like acne, hair growth, and irregular periods.
HbA1c measures average blood sugar levels over the past 2–3 months. In PCOS testing it helps assess insulin resistance and diabetes risk, as women with PCOS are more prone to blood sugar imbalances and metabolic issues.
Oestradiol is a primary estrogen that regulates the menstrual cycle and ovulation. In PCOS testing, it helps assess ovarian function, hormonal balance, and reproductive health, guiding diagnosis, fertility evaluation, and treatment planning.
Sex-Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) is a protein that binds testosterone and other hormones, controlling their activity. In PCOS testing, low SHBG can increase free testosterone, contributing to symptoms like hair growth, acne, and menstrual irregularities.
Thyroid function tests measure TSH and T4 to assess how well the thyroid regulates metabolism. In PCOS testing, they help rule out thyroid disorders, which can cause irregular periods, weight changes, and fertility issues.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) regulates ovarian function and egg growth. In PCOS testing, measuring FSH alongside LH helps assess hormonal balance, ovarian reserve, and irregular ovulation patterns linked to fertility concerns.
Free testosterone measures the active, unbound testosterone in the blood. In PCOS testing, high levels indicate androgen excess, helping evaluate symptoms like irregular periods, acne, hair growth, and guiding diagnosis and treatment plans.
Luteinising Hormone (LH) regulates ovulation and menstrual cycles. In PCOS testing, elevated LH levels or a high LH:FSH ratio can indicate hormonal imbalance, helping assess ovulation issues and guide fertility and treatment planning.
Prolactin is a hormone that stimulates breast milk production and affects menstrual cycles. In PCOS testing, measuring prolactin helps rule out other causes of irregular periods and fertility issues, ensuring accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.
Thyroid function tests measure TSH and T4 to assess how well the thyroid regulates metabolism. In PCOS testing, they help rule out thyroid disorders, which can cause irregular periods, weight changes, and fertility issues.
Vitamin D is essential for bone health, immunity, and hormone regulation. In PCOS testing, low vitamin D levels are common and may worsen insulin resistance, weight management, and hormonal balance, making supplementation an important part of care.
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Blood Test
Included in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Blood Test
* Total testosterone
* Free testosterone
* Sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)
* Oestradiol
* Free Androgen Index
* Luteinising hormone (LH)
* Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
* Prolactin
* Thyroid function (TSH and T4)
* HbA1c
* Vitamin D
* Cholesterol profile
Common Q&A about PCOS Blood Tests
Our FAQ section is designed to address common questions you may have, from how our treatments work to what you can expect during and after your session.
Our team is always available to provide additional support if you need more personalised guidance, ensuring that you feel informed and confident every step of the way.
Common blood tests for PCOS include:
- Hormone levels: Testosterone, LH (luteinizing hormone), FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), and DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone)
- Insulin and glucose levels
- Thyroid function tests
- Cholesterol and lipid profile
Hormone testing helps identify elevated levels of androgens (male hormones) like testosterone, which are often higher in women with PCOS. It also checks for imbalances in other reproductive hormones like LH and FSH.
Fasting is usually required for blood tests that measure glucose, insulin, or cholesterol levels, typically for 8-12 hours. Hormone tests do not generally require fasting.
No, blood tests alone do not confirm PCOS. Diagnosis is based on a combination of symptoms, blood test results, and sometimes an ultrasound of the ovaries.
Women with PCOS often have insulin resistance. Testing glucose and insulin levels helps evaluate how your body is managing blood sugar, which can indicate a risk for type 2 diabetes.
Normal testosterone levels in women are usually between 15-70 ng/dL. Elevated testosterone levels may suggest PCOS, as well as symptoms like acne, excessive hair growth, or irregular periods.
Thyroid disorders, like hypothyroidism, can have symptoms similar to PCOS, such as weight gain and irregular periods. Testing thyroid function helps rule out these conditions.
In PCOS, the ratio of LH to FSH is often higher than normal. Elevated LH levels in comparison to FSH can contribute to irregular ovulation, a key symptom of PCOS.
Blood tests for PCOS may be done initially to help with diagnosis. After diagnosis, additional tests may be recommended periodically to monitor insulin, glucose, and cholesterol levels, particularly if you're at risk of diabetes or heart disease.
Yes, hormone levels such as FSH, LH, and testosterone can provide insight into ovulation issues, which can impact fertility. High androgen levels and insulin resistance may also interfere with regular ovulation, leading to fertility challenges.
